Cross stitching is an art that has been around for centuries and believed to originated in ancient Egypt and Europe. There are many examples of cross stitch art from important time periods throughout history. In this blog post, we will outline the history of cross stitching. As well as discuss some of the most famous pieces of cross stitch art created over the years.
Egyptian Embroidery Tapestries
The history of cross stitching can be traced back to the Egyptian era, where it was used in the creation of embroidery tapestries. These tapestries were often part of religious ceremonies or as decorative pieces for homes.
Discovered Egyptian tombs sometimes contain cross stitch embroidery. This suggests ancient Egyptians held this art in high esteem.
Early Records of European Embroidery
There are many references to embroidery throughout history with early records of European embroidery dating back to the 11th century. There are many beautiful pieces from this time period.
The Bayeux Tapestry
Another famous example of cross stitch art from ancient times is the Bayeux Tapestry, created in the 11th century. This tapestry tells the story of the Norman conquest of England. The design consists of nearly 230 panels that are each around 20 inches wide.
The stitching on the Bayeux Tapestry is incredibly intricate. And considered to be one of the most important examples of early cross stitch art.
Blackwork
During the Renaissance period, a type of cross stitch known as Blackwork became popular and credited for modern cross stitch forms. Most historians credit Catherine of Aragon, the first wife of Henry the 7th, for Blackwork. This style of stitching involved using black thread on a white background. Decorative pieces commonly use Blackwork from this time period.
Development of Cross Stitching in the 16th Century
Cross stitch began to develop in the 16th century, and it was during this time that cross stitching became more popular as an art form. Popular cross stitch techniques included drawn thread work and whitework.
One of the popular examples of 16th century cross stitch embroidery is a portrait of Mary Queen of Scots, created in 1578-79 by an artist named Nicholas Hilliard. This art is now on display at the Victoria and Albert Museum, London.
17th Century Cross Stitch Evolution
During the 17th century, cross stitch began to be used for decorative purposes. Many pieces of art from this time period are still popular today. A famous piece from this time period is the Booklet of Embroidery and Drawnwork. Historians consider this work a practical reference likely for a seamstress.
The History of Cross Stitching in 18th century
The 18th century was a time of great change for cross stitch, as new techniques and styles began to emerge. These new techniques included the use of silk thread and gold leaf.
One of the most famous examples is a sampler created by an artist named Mary Ann Brown in 1786. This sampler showcases designs of both contemporary and traditional styles. The Victoria and Albert Museum in London has it on display.
Another famous cross stitch example from this time period is “The Botanical”, created by an artist named Mary Delany in 1778. Also known as sampler with complex designs including more than 800 different flowers.
Furthermore, Hannah Smith’s cross stitch technique were so impressive that her work featured in a book called The Workes of the Most Excellent Mrs. H. Smith, published in 1726.
The 19th Century Cross Stitch Techniques
Cross stitching continued to evolve in the 19th century, and new techniques and styles emerged. These styles included the use of beads and sequins.
A famous example from this time period is a sampler created by an artist named Jane Bostock in 1836. This sampler features a variety of different designs including flowers, animals, and people.
History of Cross Stitching in the 20th Century
The 20th century brought more changes to cross stitch, as new designs and techniques emerged. One of the most popular new designs was the “crazy quilt”, which is a type of patchwork quilt that features intricate cross stitch designs.
Another popular new design was the “pulled thread” technique, which is a type of embroidery that uses a special needle to create delicate designs.
Some of the other 20th century cross stitch techniques included the use of backstitch, French knots, and split stitch.
The 20th century was also a time of great innovation for cross stitch machines. Primarily, the electric cross stitch machine, the sewing machine, and the embroidery machine. These new machines made the process of cross stitching much easier for commercial use.
Famous examples of 20th century cross stitching include Sarah Bland’s mid 19th century sampler which includes a mixture of floral and intricate designs.
Related: Cross Stitch Basics for Beginners
The 21st Century Cross Stitch
Cross stitch is still popular today with many new designs and techniques. One of the most popular 21st century cross stitch styles is the “Tapestry” style, a type of cross stitch worked on a piece of fabric larger than the finished project.
Another popular style is the “Freeform” style, a type of cross stitch worked without a pattern.
Cross stitch is also being used in many new ways, such as in quilts, clothing, and home decor.
Cross stitching has come a long way since its inception centuries ago, and it remains a popular art form to this day. There are many amazing examples of cross stitch art from throughout history with varying and evolving techniques and designs.